You Tubeで話題の「ただよび」の英語。受験はもちろん、基本を見直したいという方にも見られているのではないでしょうか。わかりやすい説明で勉強になるのですが、パターンプラクティスをするには例文がまとまっていると便利だなと思い備忘録を兼ねてまとめています。
ただよび
完全無料で受けられるオンライン大学受験予備校として話題の「ただよび」。
ただよびの英語は、TOEIC満点80回以上の予備校講師「もりてつ」こと森田鉄也さんが教えられています。文法についてCD付きで学べる本も執筆されています。
ただよびの各放送回で紹介された例文や文法書をもとにした内容について、以下にまとめています。
比較級
第67講：〜erとmore …
母音の数によって〜erかmore …かが異なってきます。
- 母音が1つの場合（tallなど）：〜er
- 母音が2つの場合（clevreなど）：基本more …で、〜erとなることもある
- 母音が3つの場合（beautifulなど）：more …
・Ken is taller than John. （Johnより背が高い）
・Ken is as tall as John. （Johnと同じくらい）
・Ken is not as tall as John.（Johnほど背が高くない）
・Ken is happier than John.
・Susan is more beautiful than she used to be.
・Susan is as beautiful as she used to be.
・Susan is not as beautiful as she used to be.
・Ken is more clever than John.
・The population of Japan is smaller than that of China.
・Ken is taller than me.
・Ken is taller than I am.
第68講：最上級のofとin、ever
最上級を使う時に、ofを使う時とinを使う時があります。比べている対象の前にはofを使い、組織などの中を示す時にはinを使います。
・Ken has the biggest house of all my friends in our town.
・Ken is the tallest of all my classmates.
・Ken is the tallest of my coworkers.
・Ken is the tallest in my school.
文頭に来てもこの原則は変わりません。
・Of the team members, Ken can run the fastest.
・Ken can run the fastest of the team members.
Amongを使うこともできます。
・Among the team members, Ken can run the fastest.
・Ken can run the fastest among the team members.
最上級と相性の良いeverの例文
・This is the best movie I’ve ever seen.
・This is the best movie ever.
・This is the best birthday present I’ve ever had.
・This is the best birthday present ever.
第69講：比較級のmuchとmany、倍数表現
manyは可算名詞、muchは不可算名詞に使います。
「many/much 名詞」を使うときに語順に迷ったら、as…asを除いて文章が成立するかを考えると良いそうです。
例えば、「Ken has as much money as Susan.」は「Ken has much money.（正確には少し変ですが…）」で正しい語順ですが、「Ken has money as much as Susan.」は「Ken has money much.」となってしまい変なのでこの語順にはなりません。
・Ken has as much money as Susan.
・Ken has twice as many books as John.
・Ken has twice as much money as John.
倍数表現を使うときは以下のような使い方になります。
・China is twice the size of Western Europe.
・China is twice as big as Western Europe.
・China is twice as large as Western Europe.
・Ken is twice the age of Matthew.
・Ken is twice as old as Matthew.
・The Tokyo Skytree is almost twice the height of Tokyo Tower.
・The Tokyo Skytree is almost twice as tall as Tokyo Tower.
・The Tokyo Skytree is almost twice as high as Tokyo Tower.
・John is twice the weight of Ken.
・John is twice as heavy as Ken.
・5th Street is twice the length of Franklin Avenue.
・5th Street is twice as long as Franklin Avenue.
余談：muchを使う場合、Ken has much money.とはあまり言わず、以下のような文章で使います。
・Ken has so much money.
・Ken has too much money.
・Ken has a lot of money.
・Ken doesn’t have much money.
第70講：比較級の強調
比較級の強調でmuch、far、evenを使うことがあります。
・It is much easier to shop online than visit physical stores.
- much/far：差が大きいという意味（例：JohnよりKenがだいぶ高い）
- even：より一層という意味（例：Johnが高くてKenはそれよりさらに高い）
・Ken is much taller than John.
・Ken is far taller than John.
・Ken is even taller than John.
・A much more interesting movie is coming.
・A far more interesting movie is coming.
・An even more interesting movie is coming.
第71講：much moreとmany more、 by far the 最上級とthe very 最上級
much moreは上記のように不可算名詞で使われますが、many moreは可算名詞の場合に使います。
・There were many more customers than we had expected.
・There were many more customers than we expected.
・There were many more customers than expected.
by far the 最上級とthe very 最上級の例文は以下です。
・The house is by far the biggest in the world.
・This movies is by far the best.
・The house is the very biggest in the world.
・This movie is the very best.
第72講：the＋比較級
theは基本的には最上級の時につきますが、比較級の時にもtheがつく場合があります。
・Ken is the taller of the two students.
theが「その分」という意味合いで使われることもあります。
・Susan loves John all the better for his faults.
・Susan loves John all the better because he is shy.
・Susan loves John none the less for his faults.
・Susan loves John non the less even though he is shy.
・The party will be all the better if John comes.
The+比較級…, the+比較級の例文は以下です。
・The younger we are, the more likely we are to believe others.
・The bigger the room is, the more guests we can invite.
第73講：否定語＋比較級
否定語（No other …、Nothing）＋比較級
否定語（No other …、Nothing）＋比較級は「1番」という意味になります。
・No other material is harder than diamond.
・No other material is as hard as diamond.
・(No other material is so hard as diamond.)
・Nothing is as hard as diamond.
・Diamond is the hardest material.
・Diamond is harder than any other material.
・Nothing is as fast as light.
・No other building is taller than the Burj Khalifa.
・No other building is as tall as the Burj Khalifa.
・No other mountain is higher than Mt. Everest.
no more thanとnot more than
受験では以下の意味で習いますが、実際はどっちも「超えない」という意味で使います。
・John has no more than $20.（意味：John has only $20.）
・John has not more than $20.（意味：John has $20 dollars at most.）
no less thanとnot less than
こちらも受験では以下の意味で使いますが、実際はどっちも「少なくない（少なくとも）」という意味です。
・John has no less than $20. （意味：John has as much as $20.）
・John has not less than $20.（意味：John has at least $20.）
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